— 心理社會完整性 · EASY · MCQ —
一位 45 歲焦慮症病史的病人出現呼吸急促，並表示有瀕死感。護理師應優先採取哪項措施？
A 45-year-old client with a history of generalized anxiety disorder presents with rapid breathing and reports feeling like they are going to die. Which nursing intervention is the highest priority?
- AInstruct the client to breathe into a paper bag指示病人對著紙袋呼吸
- BCall the psychiatric consultation team呼叫精神科諮詢團隊
- CStay with the client✓ 正解陪伴在病人身邊
- DAdminister PRN anxiolytic medication給予處方用（PRN）抗焦慮藥物
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
面對恐慌發作的病人，最核心的護理措施是建立安全感。護理師必須保持鎮定並留在病人身邊，提供穩定的支持與陪伴，這能降低病人的恐慌感。紙袋呼吸法已不再建議使用，因其可能導致缺氧；給藥與諮詢為次要步驟，應先確保環境安全與心理支持。
The highest priority intervention for a client experiencing a panic attack is to stay with them to provide a sense of safety and reduce anxiety. Paper bag breathing is no longer recommended due to hypoxia risks, and while medication or consultation may be needed later, immediate emotional support is crucial.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美均強調陪伴的重要性，但台灣臨床常規更依賴給予鎮靜藥物（如 Diazepam），美國則偏向行為心理支持。