— 生理適應 · EASY · SATA —
護理師正教導一位初診斷第一型糖尿病的個案。個案應學會辨識哪些低血糖症狀？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client newly diagnosed with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Which symptoms of hypoglycemia should the client be taught to recognize? (Select all that apply.)
- ADiaphoresis✓ 正解盜汗
- BTremors✓ 正解顫抖
- CPolyuria多尿
- DConfusion✓ 正解意識混亂
- ETachycardia✓ 正解心搏過速
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
低血糖會啟動交感神經反應，造成盜汗（Diaphoresis）、震顫（Tremors）與心搏過速（Tachycardia）。大腦缺乏葡萄糖則會導致意識模糊（Confusion）。多尿（Polyuria）則是高血糖的典型症狀而非低血糖。
Hypoglycemia triggers a sympathetic nervous system response, resulting in symptoms such as diaphoresis, tremors, and tachycardia. When the brain lacks glucose, neuroglycopenia occurs, leading to confusion and altered mental status. Polyuria is a symptom of hyperglycemia due to osmotic diuresis, not hypoglycemia.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國衛教強調「15/15 法則」，台灣臨床亦普遍引用此原則進行自我處置指導。