— 生理適應 · EASY · MCQ —
一位有心衰竭病史的病人突發呼吸困難，下列哪項護理措施最恰當？
Which of the following nursing interventions is most appropriate for a client with a history of heart failure who is suddenly short of breath?
- APlace the client in the Trendelenburg position將案主置於特倫德倫堡氏體位
- BPlace the client in a high-Fowler's position✓ 正解將案主置於高福勒氏體位
- CAdminister an oral diuretic給予口服利尿劑
- DEncourage the client to cough and deep breathe鼓勵案主咳嗽並深呼吸
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
心衰竭病人突發呼吸困難（可能為急性肺水腫），高坐姿（High-Fowler's）可降低靜脈回流，減輕心臟前負荷，並利用重力改善肺部呼吸狀況。口服利尿劑起效太慢；平躺或 Trendelenburg 位會增加心臟負擔。
For a client with heart failure experiencing acute dyspnea, placing them in a high-Fowler’s position reduces venous return and decreases cardiac preload, alleviating pulmonary congestion. This positioning also facilitates lung expansion and improves oxygenation. Interventions like Trendelenburg position or oral diuretics are inappropriate due to increased cardiac load or delayed onset.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地護理師皆受過此類急性心衰竭處理訓練，床邊護理指引高度相似。