— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師準備為病人靜脈注射氯化鉀。給藥前最重要的是確認哪項數據？
A nurse is preparing to administer IV potassium chloride to a client. Which action is most important for the nurse to verify before starting the infusion?
- AThe client's current blood pressure病人的目前血壓
- BThe client's respiratory rate病人的呼吸頻率
- CThe client's serum glucose level病人的血清葡萄糖濃度
- DThe client's urine output✓ 正解病人的尿液排出量
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
氯化鉀主要經由腎臟排泄。若病人排尿量不足（<30 mL/hr），代表腎功能可能受損，此時給予高濃度的鉀容易導致高血鉀，進而引發致命的心律不整。其他選項如血壓、呼吸或血糖並非給予鉀離子的絕對安全關鍵指標，僅尿量能反映腎排泄功能。
Potassium is primarily excreted by the kidneys, so adequate urine output is essential to prevent hyperkalemia and potential toxicity. Before administering IV potassium chloride, the nurse must verify that the client is producing sufficient urine to ensure safe elimination of the electrolyte.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台皆嚴格執行鉀離子給藥標準，但美國護理師常需透過泵浦設定與雙人核對（Double check）來降低給藥錯誤風險。