— 降低風險 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師照護一位全髖關節置換術後的病人，下列哪項措施能最有效地預防人工髖關節脫位？
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a total hip arthroplasty. Which action by the nurse will best prevent a dislocation of the new hip joint?
- AUse an abductor pillow when the client is in bed✓ 正解當病患卧床时使用外展枕
- BKeep the head of the bed elevated at 90 degrees将床头抬高至90度
- CEncourage the client to cross legs while sitting in a chair鼓励病患坐在椅子上时交叉双腿
- DAssist the client to flex the hip at a 120-degree angle协助病患将髋关节弯曲至120度角
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
全髖關節置換術後需維持患肢外展，避免髖關節內收。外展枕（abductor pillow）能防止病人睡覺或翻身時雙腿交叉，保持關節穩定。髖關節屈曲超過 90 度會導致人工關節脫出，因此應避免過度屈膝或翹二郎腿，床頭抬高也需限制角度以保護髖部。
An abductor pillow maintains the hip in abduction, which prevents adduction and rotation that could cause the new prosthesis to dislocate. Keeping the legs apart ensures joint stability during rest and repositioning.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台皆強調術後姿勢擺位，台灣骨科常見輔具包含外展枕與特別設計的增高馬桶座。