— 降低風險 · EASY · SATA —
下列哪些動作顯示有效落實了標準防護措施（Standard Precautions）？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following actions demonstrates effective use of Standard Precautions? (Select all that apply.)
- AWearing gloves when contact with blood or body fluids is anticipated✓ 正解預期會接觸血液或體液時戴手套
- BWashing hands immediately after removing gloves✓ 正解脫除手套後立即洗手
- CRecapping used needles to prevent sharps injury為防止利器傷害而重新套上使用過的針頭帽
- DWearing a gown during procedures with potential splashing✓ 正解在有潛在噴濺風險的程序中穿著隔離衣
- EDiscarding used needles into a puncture-resistant container✓ 正解將使用過的針頭丟入防穿刺容器
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
標準防護措施（Standard Precautions）旨在預防所有病人血液與體液傳播的感染。其核心包括：處理體液時戴手套、手套脫除後立即洗手（Hand hygiene）、執行噴濺風險操作時穿戴隔離衣與面罩，以及針具使用後直接丟入防穿刺容器（Sharps container）。嚴禁回套針帽，這是針扎意外的主要原因。
Standard Precautions require wearing gloves when contact with blood or body fluids is anticipated and performing hand hygiene immediately after glove removal to prevent cross-contamination. Nurses should wear gowns during procedures with splash risks and discard used needles directly into puncture-resistant sharps containers without recapping to minimize injury.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院內部對於「Sharps container」的更換有嚴格規範，當容器達到 3/4 滿時即需更換，且 NCLEX 極度強調「Never recap needles」這一安全守則。