護理師照護一位髖關節置換術後的病人，下列哪項措施是預防潛在併發症的首要優先？
A nurse is caring for a client who is post-operative following a total hip arthroplasty. Which intervention is the priority to prevent potential complications?
- AEncourage early ambulation and use of SCDs✓ 正解鼓勵早期下床活動並使用漸進式加壓裝置（SCDs）
- BMaintain hip abduction using pillows使用枕頭維持髖關節外展
- CPerform passive range of motion exercises執行被動關節活動度運動
- DAdminister prophylactic antibiotics給予預防性抗生素
髖關節置換術（Total Hip Arthroplasty, THA）後的首要併發症風險是深部靜脈栓塞（Deep Vein Thrombosis, DVT）與肺栓塞（Pulmonary Embolism, PE）。術後病人因活動受限及手術創傷，血液處於高凝狀態。早期下床活動（Early ambulation）能利用肌肉幫浦作用促進靜脈回流，而連續性空氣壓力襪（Sequential Compression Devices, SCDs）則透過外部壓力預防血液滯留。根據安全優先原則，預防致命性的血栓併發症是術後護理的最高優先級。
Early mobilization and sequential compression devices (SCDs) are priority interventions because they effectively prevent deep vein thrombosis (DVT), a life-threatening complication common after total hip arthroplasty due to immobility and hypercoagulability.
美國臨床中，SCDs的使用極為普遍且常有嚴格的compliance監測，護理師需確保機器持續運作。台灣臨床亦然，但美國更強調早期下床（甚至術後當日）的物理治療師（PT）協同合作。