— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · SATA —
護理師準備對有盤尼西林過敏史的病人用藥,應評估下列哪些藥物類別是否具交叉敏感性?(選所有適合的)
A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a patient with a history of penicillin allergy. Which medication classes should the nurse assess for cross-sensitivity? (Select all that apply.)
- ACephalosporins✓ 正解頭孢菌素類
- BCarbapenems✓ 正解碳青黴烯類
- CMacrolides大環內酯類
- DAminoglycosides氨基糖苷類
- EMonobactams單環β-內醯胺類
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
盤尼西林(Penicillins)、頭孢菌素(Cephalosporins)與碳青黴烯類(Carbapenems)皆屬於 Beta-lactam 抗生素,結構相似,故存在交叉過敏風險。Macrolides 與 Aminoglycosides 結構不同,無此風險。
Cephalosporins and carbapenems share the beta-lactam ring structure with penicillins, creating a risk of cross-sensitivity. The nurse must assess for these allergies to prevent adverse immune reactions in the client.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣臨床對於盤尼西林過敏者的用藥記錄較依賴醫師處方判定,美國護理師常需自行進行完整的過敏史問診與藥物篩查。