— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · HARD · MCQ —
哪項評估結果顯示病人可能出現苯妥英（Phenytoin）中毒？
Which assessment findings indicate potential toxicity in a patient receiving phenytoin?
- AHypertension and tachycardia高血壓和心搏過速
- BGingival hyperplasia牙齦增生
- CIncreased seizure frequency發作頻率增加
- DNystagmus, ataxia, and confusion✓ 正解眼球震顫、步態不穩和意識混亂
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
苯妥英屬於治療指數狹窄的藥物。中毒症狀通常表現為中樞神經系統異常，包括眼球震顫（Nystagmus）、步態不穩（Ataxia）與意識混亂。牙齦增生（Gingival hyperplasia）是長期使用的常見副作用，而非中毒急性徵兆。
Phenytoin is a drug with a narrow therapeutic index. Signs of toxicity typically present as central nervous system abnormalities, including nystagmus, ataxia, and confusion. Gingival hyperplasia is a common side effect of long-term use rather than an acute sign of toxicity.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣醫師高度重視血中濃度監測，美國則更強調臨床症狀的早期警覺。