— 基本照護與舒適 · MEDIUM · SATA —
臥床病人有深部靜脈栓塞（DVT）風險。下列哪些介入是適當的？（選所有適合的）
A client on bed rest is at risk for developing deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Which interventions are appropriate? (Select all that apply.)
- AApply sequential compression devices (SCDs)✓ 正解應用順序加壓裝置（SCDs）
- BEncourage hourly ankle pumping exercises✓ 正解鼓勵每小時進行踝關節運動
- CMassage the legs firmly to promote blood flow用力按摩腿部以促進血液流動
- DEnsure adequate daily hydration✓ 正解確保充足的每日水分攝取
- EPlace a pillow under the knees for comfort在膝蓋下方放置枕頭以增加舒適度
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
預防 DVT 需促進靜脈回流：使用間歇性氣動加壓器（SCD）、鼓勵踝關節泵動運動、維持足夠水分。按摩雙腿是禁忌，因為若已有血栓，按摩會導致血栓脫落引發肺栓塞。膝下墊枕頭會壓迫膕窩靜脈，阻礙循環，必須避免。
Applying sequential compression devices, encouraging ankle pumping exercises, and ensuring adequate hydration are appropriate interventions to promote venous return and prevent blood stasis. Conversely, massaging the legs is contraindicated as it may dislodge a clot, and placing pillows under the knees can impede circulation.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國 SCD 使用非常普遍，台灣醫院常使用彈性襪，但 SCD 使用率逐年提升。