— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師準備為低血鉀病人靜脈輸注氯化鉀。下列何者為優先的安全措施？
A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride intravenously to a client with hypokalemia. Which of the following is the priority safety action?
- AEnsure the client has a patent peripheral IV site確保病人周邊靜脈通路暢通
- BMonitor the client's blood pressure every 15 minutes每 15 分鐘監測病人的血壓
- CAdminister the potassium as a rapid IV bolus快速靜脈推注給藥氯化鉀
- DVerify the concentration and infusion rate✓ 正解確認濃度和輸注速率
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
靜脈輸注鉀離子（Potassium Chloride）具有高度危險性，因其為強效電解質，過快輸入會導致嚴重心律不整（Arrhythmia）甚至心跳停止。護理師給藥前必須嚴格核對醫囑濃度與輸注速度，絕對禁止靜脈推注（IV Bolus）。臨床思路應遵循五大給藥原則，並特別注意此藥物對血管的刺激性與心臟傳導的影響。
Verifying the concentration and infusion rate is the priority safety action because rapid administration of potassium chloride can cause fatal cardiac arrhythmias. Potassium must never be given as an IV bolus and requires strict monitoring to prevent cardiac toxicity.