— 降低風險 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師準備經由靜脈輸液套管給藥，下列哪項措施是減少感染風險的首要步驟？
A nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a client via an IV piggyback. Which of the following actions is the priority to reduce the risk of infection?
- ACheck the IV site for signs of phlebitis檢查靜脈穿刺部位是否有靜脈炎跡象
- BFlush the IV line with normal saline to check for patency以生理食鹽水沖洗靜脈管路以確認通暢
- CScrub the access port with an alcohol swab for at least 15 seconds✓ 正解以酒精棉片擦拭給藥端口至少 15 秒
- DVerify the medication against the physician's order核對藥物與醫師醫囑
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
靜脈輸液感染控制（Infection control）首重無菌操作。靜脈管路接口（Access port）是細菌進入血液循環的門戶。使用酒精擦拭接口（Scrub the hub）需透過物理摩擦至少 15 秒，以機械方式清除生物膜（Biofilm），這是降低導管相關血流感染（CRBSI）最關鍵的步驟。
Scrubbing the access port with an alcohol swab for at least 15 seconds uses mechanical friction to remove biofilm and microorganisms, which is the most effective way to prevent infection during IV access.