— 降低風險 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師協助病人從床轉移至椅子，哪項行動對於降低護理師自身的受傷風險最重要？
A nurse is assisting a client with a transfer from bed to chair. Which action is most important to reduce the risk of injury to the nurse?
- ALift the client using only back muscles僅使用背部肌肉抬起病人
- BKeep the client as close to the body as possible✓ 正解盡量將病人靠近身體
- CTwist the torso to pivot the client扭轉軀幹以旋轉病人
- DHold the client's arms tightly for support緊握病人的手臂以提供支撐
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
人體力學中，將重物或病人靠近護理師身體重心（Center of gravity）可減少槓桿臂長度，減輕背部負擔。扭轉軀幹（Twisting）是大忌，會造成腰椎扭傷。背部肌肉不宜單獨用力，需配合腿部力量。抓握手臂易造成病人骨折或脫臼。
To reduce the risk of injury, the nurse should keep the client as close to their body as possible during transfers to minimize the lever arm and strain on the back. Proper body mechanics also involve avoiding twisting the torso and using leg muscles rather than back muscles to lift.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國提倡使用輔助移位器材（如 HoverMat, Gait belt），台灣臨床移位仍大量依賴護理師搬運，職業傷害比例較高。