— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位病患血鉀濃度為 6.2 mEq/L。護理師應預期準備哪種藥物？
A client has a potassium level of 6.2 mEq/L. Which medication should the nurse anticipate administering?
- ASpironolactone螺內酯
- BCalcium gluconate✓ 正解葡萄糖酸鈣
- CSodium polystyrene sulfonate聚苯乙烯磺酸鈉
- DFurosemide呋塞米
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
血鉀 6.2 mEq/L 為高血鉀，有導致致命性心律不整的風險。首要處理是保護心肌穩定細胞膜，這必須使用靜脈注射「葡萄糖酸鈣」。其他選項（如 SPS 或利尿劑）是用於移除體內鉀離子，但無法立即穩定心肌，效果較慢。
With a potassium level of 6.2 mEq/L, the priority is to protect the heart from potentially fatal arrhythmias caused by hyperkalemia. Calcium gluconate is administered intravenously to stabilize cardiac cell membranes, providing immediate cardioprotection. Other agents like sodium polystyrene sulfonate or furosemide help eliminate potassium but act too slowly to address the immediate cardiac risk.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師常在急診或 ICU 依據高鉀緊急 protocol 直接給鈣；台灣通常需醫師開立醫囑後執行，較少由護理師自行啟動。