NurslixJournal
照護管理 · HARD · MCQ

護理師正在照顧一位癌症末期病人,其預立醫療指示(Advance Directive)註明「不插管」。當病人失去意識時,其配偶要求護理師「盡全力搶救」並進行插管。護理師在法律與倫理上的最佳做法為何?

The nurse is caring for a client with terminal cancer who has an Advance Directive specifying 'No Intubation.' The client's spouse demands the nurse 'do everything' and intubate as the client loses consciousness. What is the nurse's best legal and ethical course of action?

  • AImmediately call the hospital ethics committee to make a rapid decision.
    立即呼叫醫院倫理委員會以做出快速決定。
  • BHonor the client's Advance Directive and provide comfort care without intubation.✓ 正解
    尊重客戶的預立醫療指示,提供安寧緩和照護而不進行插管。
  • CPerform the intubation and then discuss the directive with the spouse later.
    執行插管,之後再與配偶討論該指示。
  • DFollow the spouse's request to prevent potential legal action from the family.
    順從配偶的要求,以避免家屬提出潛在的法律訴訟。
Explanation · 中文詳解

預立醫療指示(Advance Directive)是病人在具備決策能力時,對於未來失去能力時的醫療偏好所做的法律聲明。在美國法律架構下,病人的自主決定(特別是書面文件)優於家屬的口頭要求。當文件明確標註「不插管」時,即使家屬施壓,護理人員仍有法律義務遵循病人的遺願。若違背指令進行插管,反而可能構成法律上的「暴力攻擊(Battery)」。護理師應提供舒適照護(Comfort Care),並向家屬解釋病人之前的決定,而非在壓力下屈服(D, C)。倫理委員會(A)雖可提供諮詢,但在緊急情況下,已存在的法律文件(Directive)是明確的行動指南。護理師的角色是維護病人的尊嚴與最後的選擇權。

An Advance Directive is a legally binding document that reflects the client's autonomous decisions regarding their care, which take precedence over family requests. The nurse must honor the client's written 'No Intubation' order and provide comfort care, regardless of the spouse's demands. Performing intubation against the client's documented wishes constitutes battery and violates ethical principles.

✦ 台美臨床差異

美國有《病人自決法》(PSDA),預立指示的法律效力極強且行之有年。台灣則有《病人自主權利法》,雖然也強調病人的預立醫療決定(AD),但在臨床現場,家屬的意見往往對醫師決策有巨大影響,護理師在推動「拒絕家屬要求、遵循病人AD」時常面臨較大的心理壓力與文化衝突。

Related · 同分類的其他題目

More from Management of Care

瀏覽全部 1,949 題 照護管理 →
Jump to another chapter