— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位病人正在靜脈滴注氯化鉀，護理師觀察到點滴注射部位紅腫且溫熱。請問優先介入措施為何？
A client is receiving an intravenous infusion of potassium chloride. The nurse notices the infusion site is red, swollen, and warm to the touch. What is the priority intervention?
- AStop the infusion immediately✓ 正解立即停止點滴
- BSlow the infusion rate減慢點滴速度
- CApply a warm compress to the area在患部應用熱敷
- DElevate the affected extremity抬高患肢
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
氯化鉀（Potassium chloride）屬於高警戒藥物（High-alert medication），具有強烈刺激性。若輸注部位出現紅、腫、熱，顯示可能發生靜脈炎（Phlebitis）或藥物外滲（Infiltration）。此時若持續輸注，藥物會進一步造成局部組織壞死（Tissue necrosis）。因此，優先介入措施為立即停止輸注，斷絕刺激物來源。
Epoetin alfa stimulates red blood cell production, making hemoglobin the primary indicator of therapeutic effectiveness. Monitoring hemoglobin helps ensure the target range is met while avoiding risks associated with excessive levels, such as thrombosis.