一位病人因酒精戒斷受治。下列哪些症狀顯示病人正惡化為震顫性譫妄（DTs）？（選所有適合的）
A client is being treated for alcohol withdrawal. Which symptoms indicate the client is progressing to delirium tremens (DTs)? (Select all that apply.)
- AVisual hallucinations✓ 正解視幻覺
- BHypotension低血壓
- CSevere hypertension and tachycardia✓ 正解嚴重高血壓和心跳過速
- DGeneralized tonic-clonic seizures✓ 正解全身性強直-陣攣性發作
- EAgitation and disorientation✓ 正解煩躁不安和定向力障礙
震顫性譫妄（DTs）是酒精戒斷最嚴重的形式，通常發生在停止飲酒後 48-72 小時。其特徵包括：自主神經系統過度活躍（嚴重高血壓、心搏過速）、意識障礙（定向感喪失、焦躁）、視覺或觸覺幻覺，以及全身性癲癇。低血壓（B）不符合交感神經亢進的表現。護理重點是給予苯二氮平類藥物、補充維生素 B1 以及維持病人安全。
Delirium tremens is characterized by autonomic hyperactivity, including severe hypertension and tachycardia, along with altered mental status such as agitation and disorientation. Visual or tactile hallucinations and generalized tonic-clonic seizures are also hallmark signs of this severe withdrawal state. Hypotension is inconsistent with the sympathetic overdrive seen in delirium tremens.
美國廣泛使用 CIWA-Ar 量表進行客觀評估與給藥；台灣臨床則多由醫師主導給藥，護理師監測生命徵象與安全。