— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師準備照護一位疑似開放性肺結核的病人。應優先準備哪種個人防護裝備(PPE)?
A nurse is preparing to care for a client with suspected active pulmonary tuberculosis. Which PPE should the nurse prioritize?
- ASurgical mask and gloves外科口罩和手套
- BSurgical mask, gown, and eye protection外科口罩、隔離衣和護目鏡
- CN95 respirator and gown✓ 正解N95呼吸器和隔離衣
- DFace shield and N95 respirator面罩和N95呼吸器
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
肺結核(TB)屬於空氣傳播(Airborne precautions),結核分枝桿菌(Mycobacterium tuberculosis)能懸浮於空氣中並長時間存留。針對此類病人,必須採取空氣傳播隔離措施,包括將病人安置於負壓隔離病房(Negative pressure room),並要求醫護人員佩戴 N95 口罩,以過濾空氣中微小的病原體微粒。
Active pulmonary tuberculosis is transmitted via airborne droplets, necessitating strict airborne precautions including the use of an N95 respirator. The N95 mask is prioritized to effectively filter out Mycobacterium tuberculosis particles, protecting the nurse from inhalation exposure.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院對於 N95 的配戴有強制性的「密合度測試(Fit testing)」,若未通過測試(如因臉型或鬍鬚),則需使用動力空氣過濾呼吸器(PAPR)。