— 安全與感染控制 · EASY · MCQ —
病人因活動性肺結核入院。護理師應立即執行哪種隔離措施？
A client is being admitted with active tuberculosis. Which isolation precaution should the nurse implement immediately?
- ADroplet precautions飛沫隔離
- BProtective environment保護性環境
- CContact precautions接觸隔離
- DAirborne precautions✓ 正解空氣隔離
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
肺結核（TB）屬於空氣傳播疾病，病原體可懸浮於空氣中長距離傳播，需執行空氣隔離。措施包括負壓病房、戴 N95 口罩等。A（接觸）用於多重抗藥性菌株；B（飛沫）用於流感或百日咳；D（保護性隔離）用於免疫力低下者。
Tuberculosis is transmitted via airborne droplet nuclei that remain suspended in the air, requiring airborne precautions such as negative-pressure rooms and N95 respirators. Droplet precautions are for larger particles, contact precautions for direct transmission, and protective environments are for immunocompromised patients.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美對 TB 隔離的 N95 口罩密合度測試（Fit Test）要求皆極為嚴格，且臨床流程一致。