— 生理適應 · EASY · SATA —
護理師為新診斷糖尿病的病患進行衛教。關於低血糖，護理師應指導病患留意哪些症狀？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is caring for a client with a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. The nurse is teaching the client about hypoglycemia. Which symptoms should the nurse instruct the client to watch for? (Select all that apply.)
- ADiaphoresis✓ 正解盜汗
- BTremors✓ 正解顫抖
- CPolyuria多尿
- DConfusion✓ 正解意識混亂
- ETachycardia✓ 正解心搏過速
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
低血糖（Hypoglycemia）主要是因為血液中葡萄糖不足，導致交感神經系統（Sympathetic Nervous System）啟動以試圖提升血糖。常見症狀包括出汗（Diaphoresis）、震顫（Tremors）、心搏過速（Tachycardia）等交感神經興奮表現。此外，腦部缺乏糖分能量會導致神經系統功能障礙，出現意識模糊或混亂（Confusion）。多尿（Polyuria）則是高血糖導致滲透性利尿的典型症狀。
Hypoglycemia triggers a sympathetic nervous system response, causing symptoms such as diaphoresis, tremors, tachycardia, and confusion due to neuroglycopenia. Polyuria is associated with hyperglycemia rather than low blood sugar.