— 安全與感染控制 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理長應將哪位病人安置於單人病室?
Which client should the charge nurse place in a private room?
- AA client with localized herpes zoster患有局部帶狀疱疹的病人
- BA client with stage 2 pressure ulcer患有第二階段壓瘡的病人
- CA client with infectious diarrhea due to C. difficile✓ 正解因 C. difficile 感染性腹瀉的病人
- DA client with a controlled urinary tract infection患有受控尿路感染的病人
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
核心概念為傳染病隔離預防。艱難梭狀芽孢桿菌(C. difficile)會產生芽孢(spores),對環境具有極高抵抗力,常規酒精乾洗手無法消除,必須使用肥皂與水洗手(Soap and water hand hygiene)。由於其極易透過接觸傳播,且在醫療環境中易引發群體感染,因此必須採取接觸隔離(Contact Precautions),優先安置於單人房以阻斷傳播途徑。
Clostridioides difficile causes infectious diarrhea and spreads via spores that are resistant to alcohol-based sanitizers, requiring strict contact precautions. To prevent nosocomial outbreaks, the client should be placed in a private room to minimize exposure to other patients. Other conditions listed either do not require isolation or can be managed with standard precautions.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院對於 C. diff 的管控極為嚴格,通常要求接觸隔離並強制執行使用肥皂與水洗手(而非乾洗手)。台灣臨床亦有相同指引,但在執行細節上,美國醫院對於病房環境清潔的稽核通常更為嚴謹。