— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位慢性腎臟病患,鉀離子濃度為 6.2 mEq/L。下列護理措施何者優先級最高?
A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a potassium level of 6.2 mEq/L. Which intervention is the highest priority?
- ARestrict dietary potassium intake限制飲食中的鉀攝取量。
- BEncourage increased oral fluids鼓勵增加口服液體攝取。
- CAdminister sodium polystyrene sulfonate給予聚苯乙烯磺酸鈉。
- DPlace the client on a cardiac monitor✓ 正解將病患安置於心臟監護儀上。
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
高鉀血症最嚴重的併發症是致命性心律不整。在採取任何治療措施前,必須先確保病人的心電圖受到監測,以便在出現異常波形(如 T 波高尖)時及時反應。B 會導致過載;B 為治療但非最急迫;D 為慢性控制策略。
Placing the client on a cardiac monitor is the highest priority because hyperkalemia poses an immediate risk for life-threatening dysrhythmias. While interventions like sodium polystyrene sulfonate lower potassium, they take time to work, making continuous cardiac surveillance essential for early detection of changes.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師常會依據 Standing Order 優先放置心電圖監測;台灣護理師通常會先通知值班醫師,取得監測醫囑後再執行。