— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師教導社區民眾預防熱疾病。哪些策略是關鍵？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a community class about preventing heat-related illness. Which strategies are key? (Select all that apply.)
- ADrink fluids before becoming thirsty✓ 正解在未感到口渴前補充液體
- BWear loose-fitting, light-colored clothing✓ 正解穿著寬鬆、淺色的衣物
- CSchedule outdoor activities during mid-day安排於中午時段進行戶外活動
- DMonitor for symptoms like dizziness or confusion✓ 正解監測頭暈或意識混亂等症狀
- ELimit intake of electrolyte-rich fluids限制攝取富含電解質的液體
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
預防熱相關疾病（heat-related illness）的核心在於維持體溫調節與水分平衡。高溫下，身體會透過流汗散熱，導致水分與電解質流失。護理重點是預防脫水、減少熱暴露及及早辨識早期症狀。主動補水是為了避免達到口渴閾值時身體已處於輕度脫水狀態；適當衣著可增加散熱效率；監測神經學症狀則是預防熱衰竭（heat exhaustion）惡化為危及生命的熱中暑（heat stroke）。
Preventing heat-related illness requires proactive hydration before thirst sets in, as thirst indicates early dehydration. Clients should wear loose, light-colored clothing to reflect sunlight and promote airflow while monitoring for neurological symptoms like confusion, which signal severe heat stress.