— 健康促進與維護 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師諮詢一位想戒菸的個案。哪項介入措施對長期戒菸最有效？
A nurse is counseling a client who wants to stop smoking. Which intervention is most effective for long-term cessation?
- ASwitching to electronic cigarettes改用電子菸
- BUsing nicotine patches only僅使用尼古丁貼片
- CGradually reducing the number of cigarettes per day逐漸減少每日吸菸數量
- DCombining pharmacotherapy with behavioral counseling✓ 正解結合藥物治療與行為諮商
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
證據顯示，藥物治療（尼古丁替代療法或戒菸藥物）結合心理諮商（行為治療）是長期戒菸成功率最高的方法。單一使用貼片（B）效果有限；電子菸（A）安全性尚有爭議，非推薦戒菸手段；減量法（C）往往會導致吸菸者補償性深吸，成效較差。
Evidence shows that pharmacotherapy (nicotine replacement therapy or smoking-cessation medications) combined with behavioral counseling produces the highest long-term cessation success rate. Use of patches alone (B) is of limited effectiveness; e-cigarettes (A) have questionable safety and are not a recommended cessation tool; gradual reduction (C) often leads to compensatory deeper inhalation, with poorer outcomes.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台美皆推廣戒菸門診，提供藥物搭配諮商，此模式已成為兩國醫療標準。