— 生理適應 · HARD · MCQ —
副甲狀腺亢進的病人有什麼併發症風險？
A client with hyperparathyroidism is at risk for which complication?
- AKidney stones✓ 正解腎結石
- BWeight gain體重增加
- CHyperkalemia高血鉀症
- DTetany手足抽搐
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
副甲狀腺亢進（Hyperparathyroidism）導致副甲狀腺素（PTH）分泌過多，促使骨鈣釋放至血液，造成高血鈣（Hypercalcemia）。血液中過多的鈣離子經由腎臟過濾，極易在腎小管內堆積，形成腎結石（Kidney stones）。此外，高血鈣還會導致多尿、脫水與肌肉無力。護理重點在於鼓勵水分攝取，以稀釋尿液並預防結石形成。
Hyperparathyroidism causes excessive parathyroid hormone secretion, leading to hypercalcemia. Elevated calcium levels are filtered by the kidneys, where they can precipitate and form calcium-based kidney stones. Therefore, clients with this condition are at significant risk for nephrolithiasis.