— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · SATA —
下列哪些護理措施適用於癲癇病史的病人？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following interventions are appropriate for a client with a history of seizures? (Select all that apply.)
- AEnsure airway access at all times✓ 正解隨時確保氣道暢通
- BMonitor serum phenytoin levels✓ 正解監測血清苯妥英濃度
- CAdminister antiseizure medications as scheduled✓ 正解按時給予抗癲癇藥物
- DApply restraints to prevent accidental falls使用約束帶以防止意外跌倒
- EDocument the seizure duration and characteristics✓ 正解記錄發作的持續時間和特徵
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
癲癇（Seizure）病人的護理核心在於維持氣道通暢（Airway）、預防受傷（Safety）及藥物治療監測。在發作期間，保護頭部、記錄發作經過及確保呼吸道暢通是優先事項。使用抗癲癇藥物（Antiseizure medications）可穩定神經細胞膜，預防再次放電，因此監測血中藥物濃度至關重要。臨床上應嚴格禁止使用約束，以免在抽搐時導致骨折或肌肉損傷。
Appropriate interventions for a client with a history of seizures include maintaining airway access, administering antiseizure medications as scheduled, monitoring serum drug levels, and documenting seizure characteristics. Restraints are contraindicated as they can cause injury during convulsions, whereas consistent medication and monitoring help prevent recurrence and toxicity.