— 照護管理 · MEDIUM · SATA —
護理師為人工肛門病人進行出院衛教，下列哪些做法符合護理指導的最佳實務？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is planning discharge education for a client with a new colostomy. Which actions by the nurse follow best practice for client teaching? (Select all that apply.)
- AAssess the client's readiness to learn before beginning✓ 正解開始前評估病人的學習準備度
- BDemonstrate the procedure on a mannequin first✓ 正解先在模型上示範程序
- CProvide written materials in the client's preferred language✓ 正解提供病人偏好語言的書面資料
- DAsk the client to perform a return demonstration✓ 正解要求病人進行回覆示範
- EEncourage the client to touch the stoma during the teaching session✓ 正解鼓勵病人在衛教過程中觸摸造口
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
衛教需以病人為中心，先評估學習意願（A），運用模型示範（B）以降低心理恐懼，提供母語衛教單張（C）確保資訊傳遞，觀察病人實際操作（D）確認學習成效，並鼓勵接觸造口（E）以克服心理障礙，逐步適應造口護理。
Effective discharge teaching requires assessing the client's readiness to learn and providing materials in their preferred language to overcome barriers. Demonstrating procedures on a mannequin reduces anxiety, while encouraging the client to touch the stoma helps desensitize them to the area. Finally, requesting a return demonstration validates the client's ability to perform the necessary psychomotor skills.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國非常強調「回覆示範（return demonstration）」的評核記錄，台灣則更重視口頭衛教內容的完整性。