— 藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位因疼痛控制而接受硫酸嗎啡（Morphine sulfate）的病人表示想吐。護理師優先採取的行動為何？
A client receiving morphine sulfate for pain control reports nausea. What is the nurse's priority action?
- AAdminister an antiemetic給予止吐劑
- BHold the next dose of morphine暫停下一劑嗎啡
- CTeach the client to take the medication with food教導病人進食時服用藥物
- DAssess the client's pain level✓ 正解評估病人的疼痛程度
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
嗎啡引起的噁心是常見副作用，但護理師必須先區分這是否為用藥副作用，或是疼痛本身引發的反應，或是其他併發症。評估疼痛程度能幫助判斷是否需要調整劑量或合併輔助藥物。若確定為常見副作用，則給予止吐劑；直接停藥會導致病人疼痛失控。
The nurse must first assess the client's current pain level to distinguish between inadequate pain control, which may require dosage adjustment, and opioid-induced side effects. Morphine commonly causes nausea, but determining the severity of pain ensures that the client receives appropriate analgesia without unnecessarily withholding medication or delaying treatment for other complications.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師常依止吐劑 PRN 醫囑直接給藥，台灣則多需與醫師確認是否調整嗎啡劑量或更換止痛藥。