護理師正在照護多位病人,應優先評估哪一位?
A nurse is caring for multiple clients. Which client should the nurse assess first?
- AA client post-thyroidectomy who is complaining of tingling in the fingers and toes.一位剛接受甲狀腺切除術,抱怨手指和腳趾刺痛的患者。
- BA client with pneumonia who has an oxygen saturation of 91% on room air.一位肺炎患者,在呼吸空氣下血氧飽和度為91%。
- CA client with diabetes whose blood glucose was 72 mg/dL before breakfast.一位糖尿病患者,早餐前血糖為72 mg/dL。
- DA client with a fractured femur who reports sudden-onset shortness of breath and chest pain.✓ 正解一位股骨骨折患者,報告突然出現的呼吸困難和胸痛。
在優先順序判斷中,應遵循 ABC(呼吸、循環)以及潛在的致命併發症。選項 D 的病患有大腿骨骨折史,突發呼吸短促與胸痛是「脂肪栓塞症候群」(Fat Embolism Syndrome)或肺栓塞的典型表現,這具有高度致命性且屬於急性循環與呼吸障礙,必須立即處置。選項 A 的手腳發麻可能暗示術後副甲狀腺損傷導致的低血鈣,雖需處理但非立即致命;選項 B 的 SpO2 91% 對肺炎病人來說是預期中的,可稍後處理;選項 C 的血糖雖偏低但仍在安全邊緣,非急性低血糖危機。
The client with a fractured femur reporting sudden shortness of breath and chest pain requires immediate assessment for fat embolism syndrome, a life-threatening complication affecting circulation and respiration. According to ABC priorities, acute respiratory and hemodynamic instability takes precedence over stable hypocalcemia symptoms, mild desaturation in pneumonia, or asymptomatic borderline hypoglycemia.
在美國 NCLEX 考試中,脂肪栓塞是骨科考題的常客,強調早期識別;台灣臨床實務中,骨科護理亦重視此併發症,但在分派優先順序時,台灣護理師有時會受到家屬抱怨或常規給藥時間影響,考試則須嚴守 ABC 原則。