— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · SATA —
為了預防中心靜脈導管（CVC）病人的感染，護理師應優先採取哪些措施？（選所有適合的）
Which of the following actions should the nurse prioritize to prevent infection in a client with a central venous catheter (CVC)? (Select all that apply.)
- APerform hand hygiene before and after touching the site✓ 正解接觸部位前後執行手部衛生
- BUse sterile technique for dressing changes✓ 正解更換敷料時使用無菌技術
- CChange the dressing every 24 hours每 24 小時更換敷料
- DUse chlorhexidine for skin disinfection✓ 正解使用氯己定進行皮膚消毒
- ELimit access to the catheter port✓ 正解限制對導管接口的接觸
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
CVC 感染預防的核心是無菌原則與最小化接觸風險。必須嚴格執行手部衛生、使用無菌更換敷料、使用氯己定（Chlorhexidine）消毒皮膚。C 選項錯誤，通常更換週期為 7 天（透明貼膜）或更久，太頻繁更換反而增加感染風險。
Strict adherence to aseptic technique and minimizing contact are paramount for preventing central line-associated bloodstream infections. Nurses must perform hand hygiene, use sterile technique for dressing changes, utilize chlorhexidine for skin antisepsis, and limit access to the catheter port. Dressings should not be changed frequently, as this increases the risk of contamination and dislodgement.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國有極嚴格的 CLABSI（中心靜脈導管相關血流感染） Bundle 預防指引，台灣醫院亦全面落實相關品質監控。