— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師照護一位中心靜脈導管（CVC）的病人，哪項動作可預防感染？
A nurse is caring for a client with a central venous catheter. Which action prevents infection?
- AScrub the access port with alcohol for 15 seconds✓ 正解以酒精徹底摩擦注射口15秒
- BApply antibiotic ointment to the insertion site在插入部位塗抹抗生素軟膏
- CUse clean gloves to access the line使用清潔手套連接管路
- DChange the dressing every week每週更換敷料
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
CVC 感染預防的核心在於「洗必泰（Chlorhexidine）」消毒與正確的「護理」（Scrub the hub）。頻繁更換敷料不一定有利，應依敷料類型（透明 vs 紗布）決定。存取埠口必須徹底消毒（摩擦），這對降低血液感染率至關重要。抗生素軟膏在某些條件下雖有使用，但非感染預防的首要。
Scrubbing the access port with an antiseptic for 15 seconds is essential to mechanically remove pathogens and prevent catheter-related bloodstream infections. Routine use of antibiotic ointment is not standard practice, sterile technique is required rather than clean gloves, and dressing change frequency depends on the specific dressing type rather than a fixed weekly schedule.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台皆遵循 Bundle Care 照護計畫，對於導管的存取技術與消毒頻率要求一致。