— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師準備靜脈輸注氯化鉀（KCl），哪項安全措施是強制性的？
A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride (KCl) IV infusion. Which safety action is mandatory?
- AMonitor the patient for hypertension監測患者是否有高血壓
- BVerify that the infusion is diluted and administered via an infusion pump✓ 正解確認輸液已稀釋並通過輸液幫浦給予
- CAdminister the medication as an IV push作為靜脈推注給予藥物
- DAdminister the infusion through a small-bore peripheral vein通過小口徑周邊靜脈給予輸液
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
KCl 屬於高警訊藥物（High-Alert Medication），絕對禁止 IV Push 以防心律不整及心跳停止。必須經由嚴格稀釋，並透過輸液幫浦控制流速，以確保每小時滴速不超過安全閾值（通常為 10-20 mEq/hr）。選擇大血管或中心靜脈以減少血管炎風險。
Potassium chloride is a high-alert medication that must be diluted and administered via an infusion pump to control the rate and prevent cardiac arrest. It should never be given as an IV push. Using a large-bore vein or central line is also recommended to reduce the risk of phlebitis.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台皆將高鉀列為高警訊藥物，皆需雙人核對（Double-check）給藥，臨床規範非常嚴謹。