— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
對於吞嚥反射受損的病人，下列哪項護理措施最能防止吸入性肺炎？
Which of the following nursing actions best protects a client with an impaired swallowing reflex from aspiration?
- APlacing the client in an upright position during meals✓ 正解進餐時將病人置於直立姿勢
- BEncouraging the client to talk while eating鼓勵病人在進食時說話
- CProviding liquids through a straw透過吸管提供液體
- DAdministering thin liquids frequently頻繁給予稀薄液體
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
對於吞嚥反射受損（Impaired swallowing reflex）的病人，維持身體結構的正確排列是防止誤吸（Aspiration）的首要策略。將病人置於直立姿勢（至少 90 度）可利用重力作用，協助食團順利通過食道，並降低食物反流進入氣管的風險。這屬於物理性的安全防護，在所有進食相關護理措施中，姿勢調整的效果最為直接且顯著。
Upright positioning utilizes gravity to facilitate safe swallowing and prevent food or liquid from entering the airway. This physical safety measure is the most direct and effective intervention for clients with an impaired swallowing reflex to reduce the risk of aspiration.