— 降低風險 · HARD · SATA —
護理師教導病人使用鋰鹽（Lithium）。應包含哪些內容？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client about lithium therapy. Which should be included? (Select all that apply.)
- AMaintain adequate fluid intake✓ 正解維持足夠的水分攝取
- BAvoid salt restriction✓ 正解避免限制鈉鹽攝取
- CTake with meals to avoid GI irritation✓ 正解隨餐服用以避免胃腸道刺激
- DReport signs of tremors or confusion✓ 正解報告震顫或意識混亂的跡象
- ELimit exercise during hot weather✓ 正解在炎熱天氣中限制運動
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
鋰鹽治療指數窄。病人需維持適當水分攝取、鹽分攝取穩定（嚴禁低鈉飲食，因低鈉會導致鋰濃度升高產生毒性）。建議隨餐服用，並警惕鋰中毒徵兆（顫抖、混亂）。運動中若大量流汗應補充水分與電解質，避免脫水導致中毒。
Clients taking lithium must maintain consistent fluid and sodium intake to prevent toxicity, as dehydration or low sodium levels increase serum lithium concentrations. Teaching should also include taking the medication with meals to reduce gastrointestinal irritation and reporting signs of toxicity such as tremors or confusion.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地均將鋰鹽視為窄治療指數藥物，強調監測血中濃度與電解質的重要性。