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藥理與非經腸給藥 · MEDIUM · SATA

護理師指導病人使用華法林(warfarin),應包含哪些指導內容?(選所有適合的)

A nurse is teaching a client about the use of warfarin. Which instructions should the nurse provide? (Select all that apply.)

  • AMaintain a consistent intake of green leafy vegetables✓ 正解
    保持綠色葉菜類蔬菜攝取量一致
  • BUse a soft-bristled toothbrush to prevent bleeding✓ 正解
    使用軟毛牙刷以預防出血
  • CReport any unexplained bruising or nosebleeds✓ 正解
    回報任何不明原因的瘀青或鼻出血
  • DTake an extra dose if a dose is missed by more than 8 hours
    若遺漏劑量超過 8 小時,請多服用一劑
  • EInform the dentist about taking this medication before procedures✓ 正解
    在接受牙科治療前告知牙醫正在服用此藥物
Explanation · 中文詳解

華法林為維生素 K 拮抗劑,飲食中綠色蔬菜含維生素 K 會干擾藥效,需保持攝取量穩定而非避免攝取。此外,因其抗凝血作用,病人需採取出血預防措施(軟毛刷牙、防受傷),並密切監測異常出血徵兆(瘀青、流鼻血)。自行補服劑量易引發過量風險,且牙科手術前必須告知醫師。

Clients taking warfarin should maintain a consistent intake of vitamin K-rich green leafy vegetables to keep the INR stable. Because warfarin increases bleeding risk, clients should use soft-bristled toothbrushes, report unexplained bruising or nosebleeds, and inform dentists of their medication use before procedures.

✦ 台美臨床差異

美國有完善的抗凝血門診(Anticoagulation Clinic)與藥師合作;台灣多由內科醫師直接開立並由衛教師協助監測。

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