— 生理適應 · EASY · SATA —
一位診斷為甲狀腺功能亢進的病人。護理師應評估到哪些症狀？（選所有適合的）
A client is diagnosed with hyperthyroidism. Which symptoms should the nurse expect to assess? (Select all that apply.)
- AHeat intolerance✓ 正解不耐熱
- BWeight loss✓ 正解體重減輕
- CTachycardia✓ 正解心搏過速
- DConstipation便秘
- EExophthalmos✓ 正解眼球突出
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
甲狀腺功能亢進 (Hyperthyroidism) 是由於甲狀腺激素 (T3, T4) 分泌過多，導致全身代謝率異常亢進。臨床症狀多表現為交感神經亢奮與高代謝狀態。診斷與護理評估應涵蓋熱耐受不良、心血管負荷增加及格雷夫氏病 (Graves' disease) 特有的眼部病變。護理師需透過觀察這些生理變化，提供病人相應的環境調整與生活衛教。
Hyperthyroidism causes an abnormally high metabolic rate and sympathetic nervous system excitation. Expected symptoms include heat intolerance due to increased metabolism, weight loss despite appetite, tachycardia from cardiac sensitization, and exophthalmos associated with Graves' disease. Constipation is incorrect as it is a sign of hypothyroidism.