護理師照護一位疑似髖部骨折且正在使用 Buck 氏牽引的病人。下列哪項護理措施對於維持牽引的效果至關重要?
A nurse is caring for a client with a suspected hip fracture who is in Buck's traction. Which nursing intervention is essential for maintaining the effectiveness of the traction?
- AAdjust the weights whenever the client complains of pain當病人抱怨疼痛時調整重量
- BKeep the client in a high-Fowler's position讓病人保持高福勒氏臥位
- CEnsure the weights are hanging freely off the floor✓ 正解確保重量懸空不觸及地面
- DRemove the weights for 10 minutes every shift to prevent skin breakdown每班移除重量10分鐘以防止皮膚破損
Buck 氏牽引(Buck's traction)是一種皮膚牽引,用於緩解髖部或大腿骨折後的肌肉痙攣。維持其效能的核心原則是「持續性」與「重力作用」。為了確保牽引力正確作用,掛重物(Weights)必須懸空(Hanging freely),不能接觸地面、床架或任何障礙物,否則牽引力會消失,導致病人疼痛增加或骨折部位移位。護理師必須定期巡視並確保線繩在滑輪軌道上。選項 A(隨意調整重量)是醫師的職權,護理師不可擅動;選項 D(移除重物)會破壞牽引效果;選項 B(高坐臥位)會導致病人下滑,改變牽引的角度與力道,應維持平臥或低於 30 度的半坐臥位。
For Buck's traction to remain effective, weights must hang freely without touching the floor or bed frame to ensure continuous tension. Adjusting weights, removing them without orders, or elevating the head of the bed can compromise traction alignment and effectiveness.
美國 NCLEX 強調『護理師不可移除牽引重量』的絕對性;台灣臨床上有時為了方便翻身或更換床單,護理師可能會短暫請人扶住重物,但嚴格來說這在國考標準中是不被允許的錯誤行為。