護理師教導一位第一型糖尿病病人進行足部護理，應包含哪些內容？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client with Type 1 Diabetes about foot care. Which actions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
- AInspect feet daily for cuts or blisters✓ 正解每日檢查足部是否有割傷或水泡
- BDry thoroughly between the toes after washing✓ 正解洗腳後徹底擦乾趾縫
- CSoak feet in warm water for 30 minutes daily每日用溫水浸泡雙腳30分鐘
- DWear well-fitting, closed-toe shoes✓ 正解穿著合腳且包覆鞋頭的鞋子
- EApply moisturizing lotion between the toes在趾縫間塗抹保濕乳液
糖尿病足部護理（diabetic foot care）的目標是預防傷口、感染與截肢。糖尿病人因周邊神經病變常喪失痛覺與溫度覺，傷口難以察覺；血管病變使傷口癒合緩慢、易感染。 選項 A 正確：每日檢視足部（含足底，必要時用鏡子）能早期發現傷口、水泡、發紅。 選項 B 正確：徹底擦乾趾間能防止潮濕導致的黴菌（足癬）。 選項 D 正確：合腳、包覆性鞋款可保護足部不受外傷，避免赤腳走路。 選項 C 錯誤：浸熱水 30 分鐘極易導致燙傷（病人感覺降低），且過度浸泡使皮膚浸潤（maceration）破壞屏障，反增感染風險。 選項 E 錯誤：趾縫潮濕溫暖，塗乳液會助長黴菌；乳液應塗在腳背腳底但避開趾縫。
Diabetic foot care aims to prevent wounds, infection, and amputation. Diabetic clients often have peripheral neuropathy with loss of pain and temperature sensation, and vascular disease that delays wound healing and increases infection risk. A is correct: Daily inspection of feet (including soles with a mirror if needed) detects early wounds, blisters, or redness. B is correct: Thoroughly drying between toes prevents fungal infection (tinea pedis) from moisture. D is correct: Well-fitting closed-toe shoes protect from trauma; never walk barefoot. C is incorrect: Soaking in warm water for 30 minutes risks burns (decreased sensation) and skin maceration that breaks the protective barrier and increases infection risk. E is incorrect: Moisture between toes promotes fungal growth; lotion should be applied to tops and soles only, never between toes.