— 降低風險 · EASY · SATA —
護理師正在教導病人預防深部靜脈栓塞（DVT），哪些內容應包含在衛教中？（選所有適合的）
A nurse is teaching a client about the prevention of DVT. Which of the following should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
- APerform ankle exercises regularly✓ 正解定期進行踝關節運動
- BAvoid crossing the legs at the knees✓ 正解避免交叉雙腿（翹腳）
- CIncrease fluid intake as tolerated✓ 正解在可耐受範圍內增加水分攝取
- DWear tight-fitting jeans to improve venous return穿著緊身牛仔褲以促進靜脈回流
- EApply compression stockings as prescribed✓ 正解依處方穿戴彈性襪
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
深部靜脈栓塞（DVT）預防的核心在於促進靜脈回流，避免血液淤滯。踝關節運動（Ankle pumps）利用小腿肌肉泵浦作用促進血液回流；避免翹腳（Crossing legs）可減少膝後靜脈壓迫；充足水分可降低血液黏稠度；彈性襪（Compression stockings）則提供外壓以輔助回流。這些均是預防 DVT 的標準護理衛教內容。
Preventing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) involves promoting venous return and preventing blood stasis. Nurses should instruct clients to perform ankle exercises, avoid crossing legs at the knees, increase fluid intake, and wear prescribed compression stockings. Tight-fitting clothing should be avoided as it can constrict vessels and impede circulation.