— 降低風險 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師護理一位術後病人。哪項策略對於預防術後肺炎最為有效？
A nurse is caring for a postoperative client. Which strategy is most effective in preventing postoperative pneumonia?
- AFrequent repositioning in bed頻繁在床上翻身
- BEarly ambulation早期下床活動
- CUse of an incentive spirometer✓ 正解使用誘發性肺量計
- DMaintaining strict fluid intake嚴格控制水分攝取
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
預防術後肺炎的首要步驟是肺擴張訓練。使用誘發性肺量計（Incentive Spirometer）能有效擴張肺泡、預防肺塌陷（Atelectasis），進而降低肺炎風險。早期下床亦有效，但呼吸訓練對術後肺部併發症的針對性最強。
The primary step in preventing postoperative pneumonia is lung expansion training. The use of an incentive spirometer effectively expands the alveoli and prevents atelectasis, thereby reducing the risk of pneumonia. Early ambulation is also effective, but breathing exercises are the most specifically targeted intervention for postoperative pulmonary complications.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地對於鼓勵術後使用 incentive spirometer 的頻率要求一致。