— 降低風險 · EASY · MCQ —
護理師照護髖關節置換術後病人，下列哪項護理措施對預防術後併發症最為優先？
A nurse is caring for a client who is post-operative following a hip arthroplasty. Which intervention is the priority to prevent post-operative complications?
- AEncourage early ambulation✓ 正解鼓勵早期下床活動
- BApply sequential compression devices使用間歇性加壓裝置
- CPerform hourly neurovascular checks每小時進行神經血管評估
- DAdminister prophylactic antibiotics給予預防性抗生素
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
髖關節術後最重要的併發症預防是深部靜脈栓塞（DVT），而早期活動是預防 DVT 最有效且經濟的非藥物措施。雖然其他選項均為標準照護步驟，但早期活動能促進血液循環並協助呼吸系統恢復，顯著降低栓塞風險與肺部併發症。
Early ambulation is the priority intervention because it effectively prevents deep vein thrombosis by improving circulation and reducing venous stasis. While other measures like sequential compression devices are helpful, mobility offers superior prevention of both vascular and respiratory complications.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院有嚴格的 Mobility Protocol，術後 24 小時內即要求下床；台灣依醫師囑咐，常因疼痛控制不佳而延誤下床時機。