一位經尿道攝護腺切除術（TURP）後病人正在進行連續膀胱沖洗，護理師發現引流液呈現鮮紅色且有濃稠血塊，應優先採取何種行動？
A nurse is caring for a client with a continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) following a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). The nurse notices the drainage has become bright red with thick clots. What is the nurse's priority action?
- ANotify the surgeon immediately立即通知外科醫師
- BAdminister an analgesic給予止痛藥
- CIncrease the irrigation flow rate✓ 正解增加沖洗液流速
- DDiscontinue the irrigation停止沖洗
經尿道攝護腺切除術（TURP）術後常見併發症為出血。連續膀胱沖洗（CBI）的主要目的是防止血塊堆積導致導尿管阻塞，進而引發膀胱擴張、劇烈疼痛及膀胱痙攣。當引流液變為鮮紅色且伴隨濃稠血塊，這代表出血速度超過了目前的沖洗速度，首要行動應為增加沖洗速度以排除血塊，維持管路暢通。這是護理師在臨床上能立即執行且最有效的介入，若增加速度後仍無改善或出現血壓下降等休克徵象，才需進一步聯絡醫師。
Increase the continuous bladder irrigation flow rate to flush out clots and prevent catheter occlusion, which can cause bladder distention and spasms. Bright red drainage with thick clots suggests active bleeding that exceeds the current irrigation capacity, making rapid clearance the priority before notifying the surgeon.
美國臨床對於 TURP 後的 CBI 管理非常強調護理師的自主決策權（Nursing Autonomy）。護理師通常依據醫囑設定沖洗液速度（如：維持引流液呈淡粉紅色），若出現血塊阻塞，護理師被授權可立即調整流速或手動沖洗（Manual Irrigation）以維持管路暢通，無需等待醫師指示。