— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師準備為病人靜脈輸注 20 mEq 氯化鉀。下列哪項行動對於降低風險至關重要？
A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride 20 mEq IV infusion to a client. Which action is essential for risk reduction?
- ACheck for urinary output prior to infusion✓ 正解在輸注前檢查尿液排出量
- BAdminister via rapid IV push for immediate effect透過快速靜脈推注以立即產生效果
- CFlush the IV line with sterile water用滅菌水沖洗靜脈導管
- DEnsure the concentration is 10 mEq/mL確保濃度為 10 mEq/mL
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
鉀離子對心臟傳導系統具有致命影響。在給予鉀離子前，必須確認病人排尿功能正常，以確保腎臟能代謝鉀離子，避免高血鉀導致的心律不整。氯化鉀絕對不可直接靜脈推注（IV push），亦不可與靜脈管路中其他不相容藥物混合。
Potassium chloride must never be administered via IV push due to the risk of fatal cardiac arrhythmias. Before infusion, the nurse must verify adequate urinary output to ensure the kidneys can effectively excrete excess potassium. This assessment helps prevent hyperkalemia and its associated cardiovascular complications.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫院多使用預混袋（Premixed bag），減少調配風險；台灣部分單位仍需人工抽取稀釋，增加了誤差機率。