— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
病人正在進行氯化鉀靜脈輸注，在給藥前最關鍵的評估項目是什麼？
A client is receiving an intravenous infusion of potassium chloride. What assessment is most critical to perform before administering the medication?
- AUrine output✓ 正解尿量
- BBlood pressure血壓
- COxygen saturation血氧飽和度
- DRespiratory rate呼吸頻率
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
氯化鉀主要經由腎臟排泄。若病人排尿量過少（例如小於 30 mL/hr），代表腎功能可能受損，此時給鉀容易導致高血鉀症，引起致命性心律不整。血壓、呼吸速率及氧飽和度雖重要，但非影響鉀離子排泄的主要臨床指標。
Assessing urine output is critical before administering potassium chloride because adequate renal function is required to excrete excess potassium safely. Potassium is primarily eliminated through the kidneys, and administering it to a client with oliguria (low urine output) can lead to dangerous hyperkalemia and fatal arrhythmias.
✦ 台美臨床差異
兩地均極度重視高警訊藥物（High-Alert Medications）的安全給藥流程，護理師需確認醫囑濃度與腎功能指標。