— 生理適應 · EASY · MCQ —
一位第一型糖尿病病人被發現意識不清，護理師應優先採取何項措施？
A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus is found unconscious. Which action should the nurse prioritize?
- ACheck capillary blood glucose level✓ 正解測量指尖血糖值
- BAdminister subcutaneous insulin給予皮下注射胰島素
- CPerform a neurological assessment進行神經學評估
- DCall the physician呼叫醫師
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
對於意識不清的糖尿病病人，護理師首先必須排除低血糖（hypoglycemia）的可能性，因為低血糖對大腦的危害是立即且不可逆的。根據 ABC 原則（Airway, Breathing, Circulation），確認血糖值是決定後續緊急給藥（如給予葡萄糖或胰高血糖素）的關鍵依據，這屬於生命救護的優先順序。
The nurse must immediately check the client’s blood glucose level because hypoglycemia is a common and life-threatening cause of unconsciousness in clients with type 1 diabetes. Rapid identification allows for prompt administration of glucose or glucagon to prevent irreversible brain damage. Other assessments or interventions should follow once the metabolic cause is addressed.