— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位慢性腎臟病病人，下列哪項護理措施對預防併發症至關重要？
A nurse is caring for a client with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Which nursing intervention is essential to prevent complications?
- ARestrict all physical activity限制所有身體活動
- BEncourage a high-protein diet鼓勵高蛋白飲食
- CMonitor daily weights✓ 正解監測每日體重
- DAdminister aluminum hydroxide with meals隨餐給予氫氧化鋁
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
每日測量體重是監測腎臟病病人液體滯留（水腫、肺水腫）最精準、快速的方法。CKD 病人常伴隨水份排除困難，體重增加是臨床惡化的敏感指標。高蛋白會增加腎絲球過濾負擔；鋁鹽主要用於磷結合，並非首選的預防性措施；活動則視情況調整，不需全面禁止。
Monitoring daily weights is the most reliable and sensitive indicator of fluid status in clients with chronic kidney disease, helping to detect early signs of fluid retention or overload. This intervention allows for timely adjustments in treatment to prevent complications like pulmonary edema, whereas dietary restrictions and activity levels should be balanced rather than overly restrictive.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國護理師會主導衛教透析病人的飲食與體重監測計畫，強調病人賦權。