— 降低風險 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
護理師照護一位服用低劑量阿斯匹靈以預防中風的病人，哪項發現應識別為併發症的風險？
A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed a low-dose aspirin for stroke prevention. Which assessment finding should the nurse identify as a risk for complications?
- AIncreased intake of green leafy vegetables增加綠色葉菜攝取量
- BReports of persistent heartburn or abdominal pain✓ 正解主訴持續性火燒心或腹痛
- CTaking a daily multivitamin每日服用綜合維他命
- DHistory of hypertension有高血壓病史
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
阿斯匹靈具備抗血小板功能，長期使用常見的胃腸道副作用包括胃炎、潰瘍或胃出血。持續性胃灼熱（Heartburn）或腹痛可能是消化道潰瘍的早期警訊。綠色蔬菜含有維生素 K，對抗凝血劑（如 Warfarin）影響較大，對阿斯匹靈影響較小；高血壓是中風危險因子而非併發症；綜合維他命通常無害。
Persistent heartburn or abdominal pain suggests gastric mucosal irritation or ulceration, which are significant risks associated with aspirin therapy. Unlike warfarin, aspirin does not interact significantly with vitamin K-rich foods, making gastrointestinal symptoms the primary concern for complications.
✦ 台美臨床差異
台灣醫師常會併開胃黏膜保護劑（如 PPI），美國則視風險狀況使用，護理師衛教重點在於教導病人觀察出血跡象。