— 基本照護與舒適 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
腿部石膏固定病人出現下列哪項評估發現，應立即回報？
Which assessment finding in a client with a casted leg should be reported immediately?
- AToes are cool and pale✓ 正解腳趾冰冷且蒼白
- BItching under the cast石膏內搔癢
- CAbility to move the toes能夠活動腳趾
- DMinimal swelling in the foot足部輕微腫脹
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
石膏過緊會導致腔室症候群（Compartment Syndrome）。腳趾冰冷、蒼白（A）代表循環受阻，是血管受壓的危險訊號，必須立即處理。搔癢（B）常見但屬良性；輕微腫脹（D）初期常見；能活動（C）代表神經功能尚存，非緊急狀況。
Cool and pale toes indicate compromised neurovascular circulation, which may signal compartment syndrome or cast tightness. This is a medical emergency requiring immediate intervention to prevent permanent tissue damage, unlike itching or mild swelling which are common post-injury findings.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美台臨床皆視 5P 指標（Pain, Pallor, Pulselessness, Paresthesia, Paralysis）為評估重點，但美國護理師常有權自行通知 orthopedist 處理，台灣則流程較為制式化。