— 基本照護與舒適 · MEDIUM · MCQ —
一位手術後恢復期的病人。哪項護理措施能促進呼吸功能？
A client is in the recovery phase after surgery. What nursing action promotes respiratory function?
- AStrict bed rest嚴格臥床休息
- BEncouraging deep breathing and coughing✓ 正解鼓勵深呼吸與咳嗽
- CLimiting fluid intake限制水分攝取
- DAdministering high-dose opioids給予高劑量鴉片類止痛藥
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
手術後病人因麻醉、疼痛及活動受限，肺部擴張不全（Atelectasis）與肺炎是常見的術後併發症。深呼吸與咳嗽（Deep breathing and coughing）練習能促進肺泡擴張、改善氣體交換並有效清除呼吸道分泌物。對於術後恢復期的病人，呼吸功能監測與促進是確保氧合狀態（Oxygenation）與預防併發症的關鍵，應列為護理的優先目標。
Clostridioides difficile spores are resistant to alcohol-based hand sanitizers, making mechanical removal via thorough washing with soap and water mandatory after client contact. Contact precautions, including the use of a private room, are required, but negative pressure is unnecessary as the pathogen is spread via the fecal-oral route rather than airborne transmission.