— 生理適應 · MEDIUM · SATA —
一位急性胰臟炎病人入院。護理師應優先採取哪些措施來管理病況？（選所有適合的）
A client with acute pancreatitis is admitted. Which interventions should the nurse prioritize to manage the client's condition? (Select all that apply.)
- ANPO status to rest the pancreas✓ 正解禁食狀態以讓胰臟休息
- BAdminister IV fluids for volume resuscitation✓ 正解給予靜脈輸液進行容量復甦
- CAdminister opioids for pain management✓ 正解給予鴉片類藥物以控制疼痛
- DAdminister antibiotics for all patients對所有病人給予抗生素
- EMonitor for hyperglycemia✓ 正解監測高血糖
— Explanation · 中文詳解 —
急性胰臟炎護理關鍵在於休息與緩解。NPO（禁食）可減輕酵素分泌以讓胰臟休息；補液處理第三空間液體流失；止痛藥（鴉片類）緩解劇烈疼痛；因胰臟受損易影響內分泌，需監測血糖。抗生素非常規用藥，僅在確診感染下給予。
Priority interventions for acute pancreatitis include maintaining NPO status to rest the pancreas, administering IV fluids for resuscitation, providing opioid analgesics for pain, and monitoring for hyperglycemia due to potential islet cell damage. Antibiotics are not routinely indicated unless there is confirmed infection.
✦ 台美臨床差異
美國醫護對於胰臟炎營養支持進程較積極，台灣傳統上會延長禁食時間。